Git Basics
Getting Started with
git config
• Associate your name and email address with your work
git config --global user.name "Your Name Comes Here"
git config --global user.email you@yourdomain.example.com
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Intitialize Your Repository
• Make a directory to store your work and cd to that directory
# Initialize repository
git init
• You have created a local repo within your project contained in the hidden directory .git. This is where all of your change history is located on your local workstation
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Checking Status of a Repo
• The command git status tells you the following:
◇ What branch are you on (see Branching)
◇ The last commit message
◇ Changes made in files since last commit
• You will see that the status of your repo will change once we add files and start making changes
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Adding (Staging) Files / Directories
# git add: Add files/ dir from Working Directory --> Staging Area
# Add a file
git add <file>
# Add certain file types
git add *.html
# Add all files & directories
git add -A
# or
git add .
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Exclude Files / Directories with
.gitignore
• To stop Git keeping track of changes in certain files / directories in your local repo, you can specify them in file “.gitignore” (hidden file)
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Commit Your Changes
• In order to store your changes in your git repo, you need to commit them
# Commit
git commit -m "Put remark/message here"
• Git uses a SHA1 hash to file away your changes. You can see the short hash “7be53cc” in the output of git status command
git status
# Output
[master (root-commit) 7be53cc] Add inspirational quote
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
create mode 100644 file.txt
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Looking at Your Commit History
• To view the most recent commits, you use the command git log
• You can see the full hash “7be53cc330db1207c9b26fe560704f90405742fd
” in the output
# View log
git log
# Output
commit 7be53cc330db1207c9b26fe560704f90405742fd
Author: John Doe <myemail@email.com>
Date: Sun Dec 20 07:48:29 2015 -0700
Add inspirational quote
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Viewing the differences between two commits
• Use the git log command to find two commits to compare
# Difference between two commits
git diff 7be53cc d553bb
Index